बसिक 航空业温室气体排放基础知识

[摘要]航空温室气体排放来自于航空燃料(jet kerosene and jet gasoline)和航空汽油。后者仅仅用在特殊发动机的机型，所占比例小于1%。

影响排放量的因素：
1 运行中航空器的数量和型号
2 飞行器发动机的类型和效率
3 使用的燃料
4 飞行的长度
5 动力参数设置
6 每段飞行的时间
7 飞行的高度

飞机的运行主要分为
1 起飞和降落， 10%的排放发生
2 空中飞行， 90%的排放发生

Emissions from aviation come from the combustion of jet fuel (jet kerosene and jet gasoline) and aviation gasoline (A fuel used only in small piston engine aircraft, and which generally represents less than 1 percent of fuel used in aviation).(IPCC 2006)

Emissions depend on the number and type of aircraft operations; the types and efficiency of the aircraft engines; the fuel used; the length of flight; the power setting; the time spent at each stage of flight; and, to a lesser degree, the altitude at which exhaust gases are emitted.

For the purpose of these guidelines, operations of aircraft are divided into
(1) Landing/Take-Off (LTO) cycle and
(2) Cruise.

Generally, about 10 percent of aircraft emissions of all types, except hydrocarbons and CO, are produced during airport ground level operations and during the LTO cycle15. The bulk of aircraft emissions (90 percent) occur at higher altitudes. For hydrocarbons and CO, the split is closer to 30 percent local emissions and 70 percent at higher altitudes (FAA, 2004).