［摘要］农业发展国际基金（IFAD) 正在建立帮助贫穷国家农民吸引碳市场投资的机制。总计5亿美元的贷款和基金将被用于促进粮食生产中的可持续发展，IFAD正寻求一个全新的机会来减缓农业活动排放，并支持希望获得联合国认证的碳信用额的贫穷国家。可以通过农业废弃物发电，比如沼气和秸秆燃烧等；或者是植树造林／恢复退化地等活动。不过他们也道出了其中的困难。
首先，目前的 京都议定书 虽然建立了清洁发展机制CDM来减缓温室气体排放，又促进发展中国家的可持续发展；但是涉及到农业项目减排，首要问题是项目往往很小，需要打包之后才能进行交易，这无疑增加了操作和论证的复杂性，同时又牵扯到过多的利益相关方。
其次， 防止毁林或造林／再造林会产生不少的信用额，并保护当地的环境，但是联合国并不情愿批准这样的项目，同时最大的买家欧洲国家不允许使用这样的碳信用额。
The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) is looking to set up a mechanism to help farmers in poor countries attract investments from the carbon market, an official told Point Carbon in an interview ... IFAD now sees new opportunities in mitigating emissions that stem from farming, and wants to support the efforts of countries wishing to sell UN-endorsed carbon credits, according to Atiqur Rahman, policy coordinator with the agency.
One of the problems with attracting carbon finance to agricultural projects in developing countries is that they are often small, which meant they had to package the projects. "Poor countries need to bulk projects and make them more sellable," he said. "It is an interesting prospect which can yield benefit for poor countries." As an example of projects in the farming sector that could generate credits, Rahman mentioned producing electricity from waste by collecting biogas and burning it.
The largest potential for slashing greenhouse gas emissions from farming would come from more avoided deforestation, said Rahman. More efficient farming would reduce the pressure for deforestation, a major source of emissions globally. However, attracting carbon finance to projects that seek to avoid deforestation could prove difficult, as the UN has been reluctant to award carbon credits to such projects, and the biggest source of demand – EU companies – are not allowed to use such credits.
Source:PointCarbon
